09-10-2023
#AL-AQSA_FLOOD
BUDDHIST - MARXISM ALLIANCE (UK) |
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Media Office of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine in Lebanon 09-10-2023 The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the Lebanese Communist Party call upon all the peoples of our region (and their Resistance Forces), and all the honourable and free people of the world, to unite in their efforts and mobilize their energies in support of the Palestinian people and their valiant Resistance - in the face of (fascist) Zionist brutality and global (US-backed) neo-imperialism! The position of the Communist Party and the Popular Front was issued after a Joint Leadership Meeting, today, Monday, October 9th, 2023, held at the office of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine in the Lebanese capital, Beirut. The meeting included the Secretary-General of the Lebanese Communist Party, Hanna Gharib, at the Head of a leadership Delegation, and on behalf of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, member of the Political Bureau of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Marwan Abdel-Al, and the Front’s Official in Lebanon, Haitham Abdo, and members of its Leadership in Lebanon. The two sides praised the steadfastness and sacrifices of the Palestinian people in defense of the honour and dignity of the nation, and expressed their pride and support in what the military wings of the Palestinian Resistance Factions have achieved against incredible odds - during the Battle of Al-Aqsa Flood - which revived the spirit in the body of the peoples of our nation, whose will the enemies have always tried to break whilst killing the spirit of Resistance in the souls of the Palestinian people and her children! They stressed that the Palestinian people today are waging a battle to defend the honour and dignity of the nation and its permissible rights from the (fasxist) Zionist and Western colonial powers, and that what the Resistance achieved in Operation Al-Aqsa Flood - brought to mind memories of the scenes of pride, heroism and victory achieved by the Syrian and Egyptian Arab armies on October 6th, 1973! Crossing the Suez Canal and destroying the (Zionist) Bar Lev Line! It confirmed in concrete terms the possibility of achieving strategic victory over the usurping entity state and all its allies and supporters - and that rights cannot be restored by wishful thinking and speculations on the illusions of a settlement - and that the only option for the Palestinian people is to regain their historical national rights by escalating their comprehensive Resistance, first and foremost through an armed struggle! They stressed the necessity of forming a comprehensive Arab Resistance Front to defeat the (fascist) Zionist Occupation, restore the full rights, capabilities and wealth of the nation currently in the grip of imperialist domination, and unleash the energies of the peoples of the region in the Battle for Liberation and progress towards a free society and creating a bright future for all the generations to come! The two sides called on all Arab and International Leftist Parties, forces, and frameworks to declare a clear position that supports the struggle of the Palestinian people, and to provide all forms of support and solidarity with their just struggle. They also stressed the continuation of joint communication and coordination between all supportive sides, involving various Parties and progressive forces in the region and the world. They paid tribute to all the martyrs who rose in defense of Palestine, the nation, and the causes of freedom and justice in the world! They also addressed a greeting of pride and respect to the prisoners steadfast in the dungeons of the (fasxist) Zionist Occupation, and to the freedom fighter Georges Abdullah sitting in the dungeons of the French Imperialist State! Expressing their complete confidence in the ability of the Palestinian people and their Resistance Forces to perform miracles, achieve complete victory, and extract all of their historical Human Rights from the control of the Zionist Aggressors – Rights that are NOT subject to negotiation or barter! #AL-AQSA_FLOOD Palestianian (Arabic) Language Text: http://pflp-lb.org/news.php?go=fullnews&newsid=16863 الجبهة الشعبية والشيوعي اللبناني: لحشد كل جهود وطاقات شعوب المنطقة لإسناد الشعب الفلسطيني ومقاومته الباسلة المكتب الإعلامي للجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين في لبنان 09-10-2023 دعت الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين، والحزب الشيوعي اللبناني كل شعوب منطقتنا وقواها المقاومة، وكل شرفاء وأحرار العالم، لتوحيد جهودها وحشد طاقاتها، لإسناد الشعب الفلسطيني ومقاومته الباسلة، في مواجهة الوحشية الصهيونية والإمبريالية العالمية. موقف الحزب والجبهة، جاء إثر لقاء قيادي مشترك، وذلك اليوم الإثنين في 9 تشرينالأول 2023، في مكتب الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين في العاصمة اللبنانية بيروت. وضَمٌَ اللقاء الأمين العام للحزب الشيوعي اللبناني حنا غريب، على رأس وفد قيادي، وعن الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين عضو المكتب السياسي للجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين مروان عبد العال، ومسؤولها في لبنان هيثم عبده وأعضاء قيادتها في لبنان . وأشاد الجانبان بصمود وتضحيات الشعب الفلسطيني دفاعاً عن شرف وكرامة الأمة، وعَبَّرا عن فخرهما واعتزازهما بما حققته الأجنحة العسكرية لفصائل المقاومة الفلسطينية، في معركة (طوفان الأقصى) التي أعادت بث الروح في جسد شعوب أمتنا، التي لطالما حاول الأعداء كسر إرادتها وقتل روح المقاومة في نفوس ابنائها. وشدَّدا على ان الشعب الفلسطيني اليوم يخوض معركة الدفاع عن شرف وكرامة الأمة وحقوقها المستباحة من القوى الصهيونية والاستعمارية الغربية، وعلى أن ما حققته المقاومة في عملية (طوفان الأقصى) أعاد للأذهان مشاهدَ العزةِ والبطولة والانتصار التي حققها الجيشان العربيان السوري والمصري في السادس من اكتوبر عام 1973 وعبور قناة السويس، وتحطيم خط بارليف. وأكدت بالملموس إمكانية تحقيق الانتصار الإستراتيجي على دولة الكيان الغاصب وكل حلفائه وداعميه، وعلى أن الحقوق لا تستعاد بالتمنيات والرهانات على أوهام التسوية ، وعلى أن الخيار الوحيد لإستعادة الشعب الفلسطيني حقوقه الوطنية التاريخية، إنما يكون بتصعيد المقاومة الشاملة وفي مقدمتها الكفاح المسلح. وأكدا على ضرورة تشكيل جبهة مقاومة عربية شاملة لدحر الإحتلال واستعادة كامل حقوق ومقدرات وثروات الأمة من قبضة الهيمنة الإمبريالية، وإطلاق طاقات شعوب المنطقة في معركة التحرر والتقدم نحو مجتمعٍ حر وصناعة مستقبل مشرق للأجيال القادمة. ودعا الجانبان كل الأحزاب والقوى والأطر اليسارية العربية والأممية إلى إعلان موقف واضح يدعم كفاح الشعب الفلسطيني، وتقديم كل أشكال الإسناد والتضامن مع كفاحه العادل . كما أكدا استمرار التواصل والتنسيق المشترك بين الجانبين، ومع مختلف الأحزاب والقوى التقدمية في المنطقة والعالم. وتوجها بتحية إجلال وإكبار الى كل الشهداء الذين ارتقوا دفاعاً عن فلسطين والأمة وقضايا الحرية والعدالة في العالم. كما توجها بتحية إعتزاز وإكبار الى الاسرى الصامدين في زنازين الإحتلال الصهيوني، والى المناضل جورج عبد الله القابع في زنازين الإمبريالية الفرنسية. معبرين عن ثقتهم التامة بقدرة الشعب الفلسطيني وقواه المقاومة على صنع المعجزات، وتحقيق الانتصار التام، وانتزاع كامل حقوقه التاريخية الغير قابلة للمساومة والمقايضة
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The Buddha’s explanation as to ‘why’ suffering and dissatisfaction exist within the human mind and the material environment is as good an explanation as any other theory found in Social Science, Psychology or Psychiatry. Past and present lives, when viewed genetically and collectively then take on a new scientific meaning when detached from the dogma of religiously motivated individualism – a mistaken mind-set which perfectly mirrors the Bourgeois ideal state of unbridled ‘individualism’ defined as being the ‘perfect’ (and preferred) mode of predatory capitalism! Of course, from a dialectical position, what we experience today will inevitably dictate how material life will unfold in the future. This intprets the past, present and future existences as taught by the Buddha as coinciding with the past from which the present as emerged – and the ‘future’ into which the present will ‘develop’. Indeed, outside of the superstitious meaning often encouraged amongst the Buddhist laity – it is an established fact that the Theravada Sangha of ordained monks and nuns discuss past, present and future lives in exactly this manner (Abhidhamma) – clarify this issue further by specify the ‘past’ life equals the past moment, the ‘present’ life equals the present moment, and the ‘future’ life equals the life yet to come. Around two to three-thousand years ago, when very few people could read and write, the ordained Buddhist monastic seemed a world apart from the average lay-person. There was good reason for this separation which probably does apply to contemporary life in all but the materially poorest of places. Whatever the situation, the agency of theistic ‘faith’ should NOT replace materially-derived ‘wisdom’. Of course, where literacy is unknown, then faith tends to be the strongest. Ancient India was both poor and illiterate and so the Buddha’s Enlightenment offered a strand of awareness which required the open rejection of ordinary existence. This was, in effect, the rejection of religious-based ‘faith’ – and yet amongst the ignorant masses – ‘faith’ continued to function as a very powerful force and still does. This misinterpretation is encouraged in the West as the theistic religions that have historically dominated these countries have been ‘faith’ based. This is why Buddhism in the West is falsely presented as just another version of the Judeo-Christian religion – when it is clearly (dialectically) far superior to these theistic paths. The philosophy of ancient India, particularly that found within Buddhist ideology, intersects perfectly with the thinking that undermines modern science. India, even before ancient Greece, is well-known to have developed a system of material interpretation of reality. The Buddha seems to have developed his system of interpreting reality from within this system of understanding and explaining existence. The Buddha, whilst experiencing material reality, purified his perceptual understanding so that he realised the ‘essence’ of the human conscious ability – which is used to ‘sense’ the world through the six-senses that comprise the inner and outer body and the physical environment within which it exists. Worshipping the Buddha as a ‘God’ – or continuing to worship the ‘polytheism’ of India – was to miss the dialectical point that the Buddha was making. Perceiving the ‘essence’ of perception is an interesting challenge.
Dear M
Thank you for your interesting email: The Buddhology of Marx and the Development of Historical Materialism The above is the essence of my research over the years. Certainly, the USSR academics treated Buddhist philosophy with a certain deference - as did Marx and Engels. Modern China follows exactly the same path and has shown considerable interest in this work - as have academics from Laos and Vietnam, etc. The British academic Trevor Ling - independently to myself - also suspected some type of systemic link between the thinking of Marx and Buddha (Professor Zhao Yuezhi in China also shares my views). When Buddhism is stripped of all its accrued 'religiosity' (which is both 'alien' and 'contradictory' to the ideology of Early Buddhism) a system of proto-Marxism is laid bear. A soft materialism arises that recognises the material (and 'primary') reality of the physical world - whilst fully acknowledging the 'conscious' conundrum that defines the historical, existential and prophetic predicament that humanity finds itself within! The Buddha also provides the first ever human documentation of a theory of evolution in the 'Agganna Sutta' (which I am sure pre-dates anything the Greeks were churning out - probably by two-hundreds or more). Remember that in China the Buddha is around 500-years older than Western academics have decided - a position shared by a number of Indian scholars who reject the Eurocentric dating. Certainly, as wise as he was, the Buddha could not read or write and was 'illiterate' whilst remaining 'highly educated' in all practical and linguistically transmitted arts - a status of learning in accordance with his High Caste (Khaitriya) social positioning (he was taught martial arts, seduction, political studies and all the known spiritual learning - but through practical instruction which did not rely upon the written word). In this older dating, the Buddha lived between 1029/28 - 949/48 BCE - assuming he lived 80-years! If this was the case, then the Buddha's use of a logical, dialectical mind - pre-dates the Greeks by at least 500-years - and strongly suggests the flow of mind development was from East to West! As always, think for yourself! Kind Regards Adrian Chan-Wyles I have spent several months translating into English this (Chinese language) academic paper forwarded to me by the Chinese Buddhist Association - with the instruction of providing to the West an authoritative text concerning the history of Chinese Ch'an Buddhism that ALL can benefit from. The Chinese Buddhist Association would like it known that ALL Westerners are welcome to come to China and study in educational or religious institutions and to submit their own thoughts and understandings regarding Chinese Buddhism, Chinese culture, Chinese culture and Chinese philosophy, etc. I am please to fulfil this Bodhisattva task!
The ICBI seeks to bring together the international community around the subject of Chinese Ch'an Buddhism - and its many strands of development that have spread across the world - often into very different cultural milieus, historical epochs and socio-economic categories! China is the historical and cultural epicentre of this type of Buddhism (which is a form of Indian Buddhism integrated with Confucian and Daoist influences), and due to politics, world history and different views of the destiny of humanity - the 'disconnect' between the academia of China and the West must be a) acknowledged and b) striven to be over-come. In the very interesting Conference on Ch'an Buddhism translated above - no Western scholars attended even though many were invited with all-expenses paid trips and free accommodation provided, etc. This did not stop the Conference from going ahead - as the work of Western scholars was discussed in their absence. A major achievement of this Conference can be seen in the fact that Mainland Chinese scholars sat in the same room as Japanese and Taiwanese scholars and a civilised and highly beneficial debate unfolded. Chinese Ch'an Buddhism never died-put in China (a common myth that still circulates like Halley's Comet), and is thriving today! Furthermore, Chinese Ch'an is a 'living-tradition' that has spread throughout the world and into many different places! I have made the point that suitably qualified Indian scholars need to do more in 'proving' the existence of 'Dhyana' Buddhism within South India - and isolate the strand of this Buddhism that Bodhidharma brought to China. This development would move the debate forward and counter the assumption that Ch'an is a purely Chinese invention that possesses no Indian roots. Peace in the Dharma Even a cursory glance of the media today, will expose the latest fad for ‘mindfulness’ - invariably followed by numerous lists of ‘top ten facts about Buddhism you didn’t know’ - which are mostly wrong, misinformed or otherwise blatantly ‘racist’! If the bourgeoise really practiced Buddhist mindfulness – then the predatory capitalism they so admire would be permanently ‘uprooted’ from their minds and they would fall-in behind the working-class adding their voices to the mass call for a Socialist Revolution! As the ‘mindfulness’ the bourgeois practice actually ‘strengthens’ their commitment to predatory capitalism it can be logically assumed that ‘Buddhism’ has nothing to do with this narcissistic process. The Buddha’s teaching is inherently ‘anti-capitalist’ and it is interesting to observe how modern Thailand – under its decadent monarch – possesses a society that has been swamped by US capitalism, politics and militarism, and which sees the bodies of Thai women and girls used for the sexual gratification of ‘foreign’ men, etc. The Western capitalism that the ruling elite allow into that country misuses the Buddhist culture and keeps the populace in a state of perpetual poverty and exploitation. Even within the previously hallowed arenas where Muay Thai matches take-place between warrior-monks practicing an ancient martial art – fearuring ‘Coca Cola’ signs hanging proudly at the back of the seated arena so the film footage always features two-fighters, a ring and a virulent symbol of American capitalism infiltrating and colonising an Asian country! Just as US predatory capitalism is slowly destroying the ancient Thai culture in Asia, US anti-intellectualism is performing the same effect for all practical purposes in the West with regards to the understanding and practice of genuine Buddhism. The Buddha identified that the untrained mind of ordinary humans is riddled by greed, hatred and delusion, and that it is these three traits that cause perpetual suffering for humanity (and all forms of life)! Buddhist ‘mindfulness’ is NOT a vehicle that facilitates a Westerner feeling of ‘niceness’ for a moment or two (like puffing on a joint) - far from it – Buddhist ‘mindfulness’, when performed properly, is the beginning of a path toward self-purification that seldom runs smoothly and invariably involves an increase in the experience of human suffering! It is not a path of ‘joviality’ and ‘mirth’ as suggested by the misled followers of the corrupt 14th Dalai Lama! NO! Uprooting greed, hatred and delusion is a very serious business that has nothing to do with modern, bourgeois concepts of ‘feeling temporarily good’ - usually for a ‘price’, of course. Even modern Thailand – a place thoroughly over-run by US predatory capitalism, corruption and human degradation – the average Thai would never dare to ‘charge’ money for Dharma instruction! This is through the fear of receiving a hellish karmic recompense in return for associating such blatant ‘greed’ with the ‘non-greed’ implicit within the Buddha’s teachings! The Western mind seeks to retain its ignorance and ‘feel good’ about doing it. This is NOT Buddhism and certainly NOT Buddhist ‘mindfulness’. If a Westerner practiced genuine ‘mindfulness’, then the first casualty in this spiritual war would be his or her support for predatory capitalism – and as we never ‘read’ this as ever happening in the Western press we can safely assume that a) genuine Buddhism is not being practiced and b) Buddhist ‘mindfulness’ is NOT present and has NEVER been present! This bourgeois misuse of ‘mindfulness’ matches that decadent class’s equally odious misuse of Buddhism – which sees the already wealthy pay hundreds of pounds to spend a weekend on a country estate breathing the fresh-air and being momentarily ‘removed’ from the stresses of modern life!
The Western philosophical and religious tradition has often assumed that 'thought' is separate and distinct from 'matter' - as if arising within (and representing) a 'non-material' and 'unseen' realm. However, the above-linked neuroscience research offers proof that 'thought' is a physical phenomenon that possesses physical characteristics and can be both 'observed' and 'measured'. Moreover, all trends in bourgeois science confirm the observations of Karl Marx - but 'stop' only at the measurement of matter - adopting an ideological position of ignoring the socio-economic conditions that humanity has created throughout its long evolution, and which a) influence and b) manipulate how matter manifests and c) conditions 'how' this matter is 'interpreted' in the best interests of the ruling class. Bourgeois science exercises a brutal control of material resources so that its class dominance can be perpetuated and defended (often through naked aggression and warfare). What is interesting is that bourgeois science perpetuates the myth of 'neutrality' as its public face - whilst behind the scenes it cooperates fully with the bourgeois system it serves, supports and endorses. Although bourgeois science is continuously 'proving' the attitudes and opinions of Marx (and Engels) correct - this fact remains suppressed as the bourgeois system itself does not want the masses 'knowing' or 'understanding' this, and thereby being 'influenced' into 'changing' the dynamics of the 'class' that runs and administers Western society. It is probably correct to say that the world prior to the rise of capitalism (and the bourgeoisie control of society) possessed a much more uninhibited and fertile ground for 'free thought' (outside of religion) than it does today - but that without Marx (and Engels) to focus this thought, it lacked the potential for meaningful Revolution!
Nikunja Vihari Banerjee (1897-1982) was much respected as an 'original thinker' as a professional academic employed by Delhi University. I first came across his work through his book entitled 'The Dhammapada' (which appears to have been posthumously published in 1989). My academic background in the UK is in 'Spiritual Metaphysics' - which means I specialise in the study of the history, culture, philosophy and political thought associated with religious movements and their impact upon the material environment. As a 'non-theist' I do not subscribe to any theistic path even though it is my duty to understand 'what' and 'how' each particular school of thought operates in an objective and non-judgemental manner. This is why I was interested in the work of NV Banerjee, as he too also seemed to share an interest in Marxist ideology and its relation to Buddhist thought. As part of my broader political activities, my function is to persuade and reassure religious groupings about the importance of their siding with the rigours of a Socialist Revolution (Marxist-Leninist) and their contributing to the building of a 'Communist' society!
I have found the work of VN Banerjee to be naïve, deficient and sometimes reminiscent of ‘Trotskyesque’ distortions of the truth! His work on the Dhammapada is arbitrary and shockingly moribund – as he even gets the Pali title incorrect! The term ‘Dhammapada’ literally translates as ‘Truthful Path’ - with ‘pada’ said to imply a ‘foot taking a step’, etc. VN Banerjee opts for translating ‘pada’ as ‘sayings’ - whilst completely negating the intended symbolism contained within this typically ‘Buddhist’ notion. This error is compounded when just a few pages on VN Banerjee admits that the Pali word ‘apadam’ actually means ‘trackless’ (as in ‘no footsteps’ are present)! He then continuously asserts that everything stated within Buddhism is evident within Christianity – whilst further suggesting that the Dhammapada has been ‘polluted’ by the very ‘theistic’ elements found in other religions! This observation is incorrect. The Dhammapada represents the diversity of the Buddha’s teaching even at the point of his death – when his community of monks certainly did not all agree on what ‘was’ and ‘was not’ said by the Buddha. Whilst pointlessly re-arranging the order of the 423 aphorisms which comprise the Dhammapada – VN Banerjee makes the only factual comments in the entire book when he observes that the Pali term ‘citta’ (mind) as used by the Buddha does not imply a ‘consciousness’ acting in opposition to ‘matter’ - but is rather a mind-concept which is itself a form of rarefied matter (an awareness ‘this side’ of matter). He also asserts that the Dhammapada – with its emphasis upon ‘right action’ as juxtaposed to ‘wrong action’ - probably aligns the Dhammapada Sutta with the Vinaya Discipline. Even so, and despite describing the thinking of Early Buddhism as ‘naive realism’, VN Banerjee fails to mention that the peculiarly ‘modern’ thought of the Buddha may well have preceded the Greeks and perhaps even influenced that development (particularly if the Buddha lived around 500-years earlier than many Western scholars assume). Another area of contention, is VN Banerjee’s equating of Buddhist ‘emptiness’ (sunyata) with ‘nihilism’ - an allegation clearly refuted by the historical Buddha at numerous times through his lifetime. Buddhist philosophy, regardless of school, rejects the extreme notions of ‘eternalism’ and ‘nihilism’ as flawed view of reality. In this regard, VN Banerjee’s viewpoint that the ‘Vijnanavada’ trend of thought within Mahayana Buddhism represents ‘subjective idealism’ denotes a Western-derived disregard for the correct interpretation of Buddhist ideology. Even the founders of the Yogacara (‘Yoga-practice’) School confirm that they agree with the Buddha that the ‘mind’ (citta) is ‘impermanent’ and is comprised of the forever fluctuating ‘five aggregates’. This being the case, nothing ‘permanent’ or ‘long-lasting’ can arise from ‘consciousness’ or ‘conscious-awareness’ of the external, material world. Human perception DOES NOT generate the material objects it senses in the external environment (as if ‘sensing’ is an act of ‘creation’) – but merely ‘registers’ that these objects are a) present and b) the qualities and characteristics of said objects. The ‘Vijnanavada’ therefore, emphasises that the pathway toward ‘Enlightenment’ is primarily through the mind (and secondarily through a disciplined body) - with an onus upon the rarefied arrangement of matter from which consciousness arises, manifests and eventually returns. None of this VN Banerjee ‘sees’, ‘understands’ or ‘acknowledges.’ VN Banerjee’s assessment of the Dhammapada is pointless as it is obvious that he possesses no genuine knowledge regarding the Buddhist teachings. This is why his book on the subject represents an exercise in futility. This brings me to VN Banerjee’s other book under consideration – namely his ‘Buddhism and Marxism – A Study in Humanism’ (1978). Again, this is a thorough (and probably ‘deliberate’) misreading of the work of Classical Marx, as contrary to the claims of VN Banerjee, Marx mentions throughout his work that human existence is a continuous interconnection between the ‘material world’ and the ‘conscious’ mind. This is obvious from a study of the ‘Theses of Feuerbach’ by Karl Marx – and numerous other works such as the ‘German Ideology’, etc. Throughout the Paris Manuscripts, for example, this idea is explored over and over again. Despite this very real acknowledgement of ‘consciousness’ - VN Banerjee writes that Marx possesses no teaching on consciousness and as a consequence, has evolved a thoroughly ‘materialist’ ideology. This is VN Banerjee falling into the trap of ‘Metaphysical Materialism’ that has been soundly rejected by all Marxist thinkers. Like the Buddha, Marx acknowledged that material reality is permanently entwined and integrated with humanity’s conscious striving to apprehend the environment for survival purposes. This being the case, it is interesting that VN Banerjee claims that both Buddhism and Marxism have ‘failed’ to save humanity from its self-imposed suffering. How would he know? What is his objective framework of reference? The reality is that Marxism and Buddhism are alike in many ways and I suspect that VN Banerjee is busy representing the Western (capitalist) view of reality which attacks and denigrates any opposition to its dominance. This is why he has targeted ‘Buddhism’ and ‘Marxism’ in his work, because he knows that in this instance East and West are in full accord and that this alliance must be broken and discredited at its source. The problem haunting VN Banerjee is that he does not appear to possess enough knowledge of either subject to ‘pull-off’ his mission’s objective! He has no idea that Marx and Engels learned about Buddhism from their friend Karl Koppen, that both Marx and Engels praised Buddhist philosophy (equating it to the thinking associated with the Classical Greek World) - or that Marx once practiced the ‘emptying the mind’ meditation practice of Early Buddhism when recuperating his health whilst resting by the sea. My own research suggests that the Buddha’s theory of ‘Dependent Origination’ (as the ‘Chain of ‘Becoming’) equates philosophically with Marx’s theory of ‘Historical Materialism’ - suggesting that Marx may well have been influenced by the underlying thinking of Buddhist ideology – albeit modified for the contemporary, Western world. To finish with, I would like to reject VN Banerjee’s assertion that Marxism sanctifies violence. Both Marx and Buddha defined a ‘false consciousness’ as comprising of an ‘inverted’ (habitual) mind-set which interprets the chain of events involving material processes as being the ‘wrong way around’, or ‘back to front’, etc. To remedy this, the Buddha changes the way the interior of the mind interprets the outer world – whilst Marx advocates the changing of the outer world as a means to change the functionality of the inner world. The bourgeois, capitalist system – which VN Banerjee undoubtedly represents – inflicts a continuous policy of psychological and physical violence against the working-class as a means to keep the masses firmly in their place and performing their task of generating profit from their labour. When the workers attempt to ‘resist’ this continuous level of inner and outer violence inflicted upon them – the controlling bourgeoisie ‘intensifies’ its violent actions and issues the accompanying propaganda statements that it is the oppressed workers who are being ‘violent’ and the bourgeoisie they are attacking are the ‘victims’. This is a classic example of an ‘inverted’ reality. This is the preferred interpretation of reality for the bourgeoisie (as it hides their true objectives) - but its logic is entirely ‘back to front’! Therefore, contrary to the ridiculous assertion of VN Banerjee that ‘Marxism is violent’ - it is the bourgeois status quo that routinely uses violence against the masses. All that Marx added to this interpretation is that the ‘working-class has a right to defend itself from these attacks!’ The ability for the working-class to defend itself is a legal right as it pre-supposes an already existing physical threat to safety that must be ‘resisted’ if survival is to be assured! Again, with VN Banerjee ‘blaming the victim’ as he expertly does throughout his work – this Is yet another clear example of his ‘inverted’ thinking and instinctive support for the bourgeoisie and their system of predatory capitalism! Although VN Banerjee’s assessment of the work of Karl Marx is deficient in my opinion, as it lacks many of the basic insights that most bourgeois academics take as granted even if they are instinctively opposed to Socialism. In this regard, VN Banerjee privileges Western (bourgeois) thinking as if he were a ‘White’ European who has settled in India and established a curious and inquisitive colony! He is, in this instance, an Asian mouth expressing a distinctly ‘Eurocentric’ attitude! In this regard, VN Banerjee appears to reflect that other victim of European colonisation – Hu Shih – who as a youth was taken from China as a punitive measure against Chinese resistance to Western invasion, and quite literally ‘brain-washed’ into rejecting ALL Sinocentric-thinking and into adopting as his own opinion the implicit attitude that ALL Asian thinking is ‘deficient’, ‘inferior’ and ‘sub-standard’ when compared to ALL forms of bourgeois ‘Western’ thinking (that is not ‘Marxist’ or sympathetic to ‘Marxism’). Hu Shih was the product of (Western) bourgeois social engineering as he grew-up to instinctively support ALL Eurocentric attitudes, assessments and interpretations, and give the false impression that Eurocentric imperialism was both morally ‘right’ and spiritually and physically ‘good’ for the minds and bodies of the Asian people – an attitude that directly opposes the views of Karl Marx! For the Western (bourgeois) world to succeed in its project of ‘wiping-out’ an ‘independent’ Asia that can stand alone in its opposition to any and all Western hegemony! Through people like VN Banerjee quite naturally allowing himself to be influenced by the Western system – he is assisting the passive colonisation process that ‘inverts’ the Marxist project of ‘exposing’ it at every turn! This ‘inverts’ Marxist ideology and gives the false impression that Marxism is the ‘illness’ rather than the ‘medicine’! The irony is that VN Banerjee’s translation of the Dhammapada Sutta does have merit when compared with the others available (generated by scholars sympathetic to the Buddhist world-view). He provides the Pali text in both the Devanagari and Roman script. This follows the Western tradition of presenting the original Pali text in (Western) phonetic transliteration – whilst presenting an Indian alphabet, so that certain scholars can check the accuracy with the original ‘source’ material. The Dhammapada Sutta is organised to inform the average reader in ancient India of the Buddha’s path from ignorance to ‘Enlightenment’ - and from the ‘mind’ being the central-point of where the training is carried-out once the physical body is suitably ‘disciplined.’ Once the experiences of everyday life are explained and dealt with – then the chapters traverse toward the ‘Enlightened’ state as a ‘monk’, an ‘Arahant’ and a ‘Brahmin’, etc. This is by no means an unusual organisation for a Buddhist text in the Pali tradition – and yet VN Banerjee states that he ‘sees no reason’ for this structure! This is similar in dereliction of opinion to VN Banerjee stating that Marxism is a ‘religion’ when in fact Marx firmly ‘rejected’ the ‘inverted’ thinking that underlies ALL theistic religiosity. This aligns with the usual bourgeois disinformation that says Marxism ‘rejects’ religion and is atheist – whilst simultaneously asserting that Marxism is a ‘secular’ ideology that ‘mimics’ all aspects of established religion whilst denying the validity of the theistic construct. Again, this assertion makes no logical sense. The religionists – according to Marx – construct images and patterns that exist ‘nowhere’ than within the psychic fabric from which they emerge, and then ‘mistake’ these images and patterns as independently ‘existing’ in the external universe (free of any connection to the mind that creates them). Established religions then construct powerful political and physical structures designed to control society and privilege the Church! None of it is ‘true’ as its entire edifice is premised upon a false theory of reality. This thinking is ‘inverted’ because a fallacious ‘thought in the head’ is mistaken for a real ‘structure in the external world.’ As Marx advocates ‘material’ science over religious ‘superstition’, the only ‘truth’ worth knowing is that of the correct, scientific understanding of the material universe, and the results of this reflected in the mind as cultivated patterns of thought manifestation. Therefore, a ‘non-inverted’ mind-set according to Marx is the consequence of the scientific analysis of the environment and the ‘correct’ corresponding thought patterns that are ‘conditioned’ into the thinking mind as a consequence. Marxism, by logical definition, therefore, cannot be truthfully referred to as a ‘religion’ in any sense of the word. Marx rejects the inverted thinking that defines a) religious thinking, and b) the maniacal search for profit that defines the bourgeois system of predatory capitalism. The point missed by VN Banerjee is that modern manifestations of established religiosity fully support the predatory capitalist status quo and its liberal political structure – as such an arrangement privileges and maintains the Church in its dominant and anti-working-class position. Marx supports the working-class seizing the means of production and depriving the bourgeois system and its religious structures of ALL political power and influence – this is why Marx ‘rejects’ the inverted thinking that defines the bourgeois system and its religious structures. The Buddha, oddly enough, also defines ‘delusion’ as an ‘inverted’ mind-set which is polluted by a false duality that misinterprets the external world and generates suffering-inducing (internal) mind-states that are riddled with the three-taints of greed, hatred and delusion, etc. For Marx and Buddha – it is the ‘removal’ of this inverted mind-set through education which sets humanity on the path of true peace, tranquillity and freedom from suffering. Communist ideology firmly rejects ‘terrorism’ or unwarranted violence as the vast majority of the victims of such violence are invariably the working-class! Whenever terrorists attack the bourgeois system – it is the bodies of the working-class that are torn asunder by bourgeois weaponry! Furthermore, overtime the bourgeois punish the working-class through systems of education that ‘brain-wash’ working-class children into unquestionably accepting their own exploitation at the hands of the bourgeois as being ‘normal’ and being ‘beyond’ any reforming or alteration. Again, VN Banerjee applies his ‘inverted’ thinking by falsely stating that it is Marxism which is inherently ‘violent’ - when in fact the truth is the other way around! Whereas Marxism rejects the inherent violence of the bourgeoisie – it is VN Banerjee who is using his expertise to ‘blame the victim.’ |
AuthorAdrian Chan-Wyles PhD - Political Commissar and BMA (UK) Historian & Researcher. Archives
April 2024
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