The Buddha’s explanation as to ‘why’ suffering and dissatisfaction exist within the human mind and the material environment is as good an explanation as any other theory found in Social Science, Psychology or Psychiatry. Past and present lives, when viewed genetically and collectively then take on a new scientific meaning when detached from the dogma of religiously motivated individualism – a mistaken mind-set which perfectly mirrors the Bourgeois ideal state of unbridled ‘individualism’ defined as being the ‘perfect’ (and preferred) mode of predatory capitalism! Of course, from a dialectical position, what we experience today will inevitably dictate how material life will unfold in the future. This intprets the past, present and future existences as taught by the Buddha as coinciding with the past from which the present as emerged – and the ‘future’ into which the present will ‘develop’. Indeed, outside of the superstitious meaning often encouraged amongst the Buddhist laity – it is an established fact that the Theravada Sangha of ordained monks and nuns discuss past, present and future lives in exactly this manner (Abhidhamma) – clarify this issue further by specify the ‘past’ life equals the past moment, the ‘present’ life equals the present moment, and the ‘future’ life equals the life yet to come. Around two to three-thousand years ago, when very few people could read and write, the ordained Buddhist monastic seemed a world apart from the average lay-person. There was good reason for this separation which probably does apply to contemporary life in all but the materially poorest of places. Whatever the situation, the agency of theistic ‘faith’ should NOT replace materially-derived ‘wisdom’. Of course, where literacy is unknown, then faith tends to be the strongest. Ancient India was both poor and illiterate and so the Buddha’s Enlightenment offered a strand of awareness which required the open rejection of ordinary existence. This was, in effect, the rejection of religious-based ‘faith’ – and yet amongst the ignorant masses – ‘faith’ continued to function as a very powerful force and still does. This misinterpretation is encouraged in the West as the theistic religions that have historically dominated these countries have been ‘faith’ based. This is why Buddhism in the West is falsely presented as just another version of the Judeo-Christian religion – when it is clearly (dialectically) far superior to these theistic paths. The philosophy of ancient India, particularly that found within Buddhist ideology, intersects perfectly with the thinking that undermines modern science. India, even before ancient Greece, is well-known to have developed a system of material interpretation of reality. The Buddha seems to have developed his system of interpreting reality from within this system of understanding and explaining existence. The Buddha, whilst experiencing material reality, purified his perceptual understanding so that he realised the ‘essence’ of the human conscious ability – which is used to ‘sense’ the world through the six-senses that comprise the inner and outer body and the physical environment within which it exists. Worshipping the Buddha as a ‘God’ – or continuing to worship the ‘polytheism’ of India – was to miss the dialectical point that the Buddha was making. Perceiving the ‘essence’ of perception is an interesting challenge.
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Dear M
Thank you for your interesting email: The Buddhology of Marx and the Development of Historical Materialism The above is the essence of my research over the years. Certainly, the USSR academics treated Buddhist philosophy with a certain deference - as did Marx and Engels. Modern China follows exactly the same path and has shown considerable interest in this work - as have academics from Laos and Vietnam, etc. The British academic Trevor Ling - independently to myself - also suspected some type of systemic link between the thinking of Marx and Buddha (Professor Zhao Yuezhi in China also shares my views). When Buddhism is stripped of all its accrued 'religiosity' (which is both 'alien' and 'contradictory' to the ideology of Early Buddhism) a system of proto-Marxism is laid bear. A soft materialism arises that recognises the material (and 'primary') reality of the physical world - whilst fully acknowledging the 'conscious' conundrum that defines the historical, existential and prophetic predicament that humanity finds itself within! The Buddha also provides the first ever human documentation of a theory of evolution in the 'Agganna Sutta' (which I am sure pre-dates anything the Greeks were churning out - probably by two-hundreds or more). Remember that in China the Buddha is around 500-years older than Western academics have decided - a position shared by a number of Indian scholars who reject the Eurocentric dating. Certainly, as wise as he was, the Buddha could not read or write and was 'illiterate' whilst remaining 'highly educated' in all practical and linguistically transmitted arts - a status of learning in accordance with his High Caste (Khaitriya) social positioning (he was taught martial arts, seduction, political studies and all the known spiritual learning - but through practical instruction which did not rely upon the written word). In this older dating, the Buddha lived between 1029/28 - 949/48 BCE - assuming he lived 80-years! If this was the case, then the Buddha's use of a logical, dialectical mind - pre-dates the Greeks by at least 500-years - and strongly suggests the flow of mind development was from East to West! As always, think for yourself! Kind Regards Adrian Chan-Wyles Even a cursory glance of the media today, will expose the latest fad for ‘mindfulness’ - invariably followed by numerous lists of ‘top ten facts about Buddhism you didn’t know’ - which are mostly wrong, misinformed or otherwise blatantly ‘racist’! If the bourgeoise really practiced Buddhist mindfulness – then the predatory capitalism they so admire would be permanently ‘uprooted’ from their minds and they would fall-in behind the working-class adding their voices to the mass call for a Socialist Revolution! As the ‘mindfulness’ the bourgeois practice actually ‘strengthens’ their commitment to predatory capitalism it can be logically assumed that ‘Buddhism’ has nothing to do with this narcissistic process. The Buddha’s teaching is inherently ‘anti-capitalist’ and it is interesting to observe how modern Thailand – under its decadent monarch – possesses a society that has been swamped by US capitalism, politics and militarism, and which sees the bodies of Thai women and girls used for the sexual gratification of ‘foreign’ men, etc. The Western capitalism that the ruling elite allow into that country misuses the Buddhist culture and keeps the populace in a state of perpetual poverty and exploitation. Even within the previously hallowed arenas where Muay Thai matches take-place between warrior-monks practicing an ancient martial art – fearuring ‘Coca Cola’ signs hanging proudly at the back of the seated arena so the film footage always features two-fighters, a ring and a virulent symbol of American capitalism infiltrating and colonising an Asian country! Just as US predatory capitalism is slowly destroying the ancient Thai culture in Asia, US anti-intellectualism is performing the same effect for all practical purposes in the West with regards to the understanding and practice of genuine Buddhism. The Buddha identified that the untrained mind of ordinary humans is riddled by greed, hatred and delusion, and that it is these three traits that cause perpetual suffering for humanity (and all forms of life)! Buddhist ‘mindfulness’ is NOT a vehicle that facilitates a Westerner feeling of ‘niceness’ for a moment or two (like puffing on a joint) - far from it – Buddhist ‘mindfulness’, when performed properly, is the beginning of a path toward self-purification that seldom runs smoothly and invariably involves an increase in the experience of human suffering! It is not a path of ‘joviality’ and ‘mirth’ as suggested by the misled followers of the corrupt 14th Dalai Lama! NO! Uprooting greed, hatred and delusion is a very serious business that has nothing to do with modern, bourgeois concepts of ‘feeling temporarily good’ - usually for a ‘price’, of course. Even modern Thailand – a place thoroughly over-run by US predatory capitalism, corruption and human degradation – the average Thai would never dare to ‘charge’ money for Dharma instruction! This is through the fear of receiving a hellish karmic recompense in return for associating such blatant ‘greed’ with the ‘non-greed’ implicit within the Buddha’s teachings! The Western mind seeks to retain its ignorance and ‘feel good’ about doing it. This is NOT Buddhism and certainly NOT Buddhist ‘mindfulness’. If a Westerner practiced genuine ‘mindfulness’, then the first casualty in this spiritual war would be his or her support for predatory capitalism – and as we never ‘read’ this as ever happening in the Western press we can safely assume that a) genuine Buddhism is not being practiced and b) Buddhist ‘mindfulness’ is NOT present and has NEVER been present! This bourgeois misuse of ‘mindfulness’ matches that decadent class’s equally odious misuse of Buddhism – which sees the already wealthy pay hundreds of pounds to spend a weekend on a country estate breathing the fresh-air and being momentarily ‘removed’ from the stresses of modern life!
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AuthorAdrian Chan-Wyles PhD - Political Commissar and BMA (UK) Historian & Researcher. Archives
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